The Role of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) : A Case Study of Bangladesh

Mamun, Abdullah Al

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The Role of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) : A Case Study of Bangladesh – Abdullah Al Mamun

Abdullah Al Mamun

Diplomová práce

The Role of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) : A Case Study of Bangladesh

Abstract:

1. Background: Bangladesh has undergone major structural transformation over the last three decades—from an agriculture-dependent economy to a manufacturing- and export-oriented economy. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has played an important role in this shift, especially in sectors such as RMG, telecommunications, energy, and manufacturing. Despite steady growth and rising FDI inflows, the country still faces several obstacles, including infrastructural gaps, bureaucratic delays, regulatory inconsistencies, and limited technological capabilities. Understanding the role of FDI is essential for achieving national development goals like Vision 2041. 2. Objectives: This study analyzes how FDI contributes to Bangladesh's economic expansion and employment generation. It also explores sectoral distribution, key policy challenges, and strategies for attracting stable foreign investment. The aim is to propose measures that maximize FDI's long-term developmental impact. 3. Methodology: A mixed-method approach was used. Quantitative Methods: Data collected from the World Bank, UNCTAD, Bangladesh Bank, BBS, and IMF. Trend analysis of FDI inflows, GDP growth, sectoral composition, exports, and capital formation. OLS regression model to estimate the impact of FDI on GDP (1990–2023) with exports and GFCF as control variables. Logarithmic growth decomposition to measure the percentage contribution of FDI to GDP growth. Qualitative Methods: Review of academic literature, policy documents, and institutional reports. Theoretical analysis using Dunning’s OLI Paradigm, Internalization Theory, Product Life Cycle Theory, and others. Assessment of policy environment, institutional framework (BIDA, BEPZA, BEZA), and challenges faced by investors. 4. Main Findings: Economic Impact Regression results show FDI has a strong positive and statistically significant impact on Bangladesh’s GDP. FDI contributes about 2.1 percentage points to annual GDP growth (decomposition analysis). Exports and domestic investment together amplify the growth effect of FDI. Sectoral Insights Major FDI sectors include textiles/RMG, power & energy, telecommunications, banking, ICT, and pharmaceuticals. RMG remains the largest FDI recipient due to low labor costs and global value-chain integration. Increasing FDI in ICT, energy, and pharmaceuticals signals gradual diversification. Employment & Technology Transfer FDI creates significant direct and indirect employment, especially in manufacturing and telecom. Enhances technology transfer through advanced machinery, managerial expertise, global standards and compliance, and supplier development Challenges Identified Infrastructure bottlenecks (ports, logistics, electricity). Bureaucracy and administrative delays. Policy inconsistency and weak regulatory enforcement. Skills shortages in advanced sectors. Financial-sector inefficiencies and weak intellectual property protection. Regional Position Bangladesh’s FDI inflow has improved but still lags behind regional competitors like Vietnam and India due to better infrastructure, regulatory efficiency, and global integration in those countries. 5. Conclusion: Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has emerged as a vital driver of Bangladesh’s economic transformation, contributing significantly to GDP growth, employment generation, export expansion, and industrial upgrading. The empirical findings of this study confirm a strong positive relationship between FDI inflows and economic performance, supported by substantial spillovers in technology, productivity, and managerial expertise. While sectors such as RMG, telecommunications, power, and ICT have benefited the most, the overall potential of FDI remains constrained by infrastructural gaps, bureaucratic inefficiencies, policy inconsistencies, and limited technological and skills capacity. Addressing these structural challenges through improved regulatory frameworks, enhanced ease of doing business, expansion of SEZs/EPZs …více

Abstract:

, and investment in human capital is essential for sustaining FDI-led growth. Ultimately, by creating a more stable, efficient, and investor-friendly environment, Bangladesh can maximize the developmental impact of FDI and accelerate its journey toward achieving the Vision 2041 goals of becoming a competitive, diversified, and high-income economy.

Keywords

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI Economic Growth Employment Policy Framework Sustainable Development.

Jazyk práce: angličtina

Datum vytvoření / odevzdání či podání práce: 1. 12. 2025

Obhajoba závěrečné práce

Obhajoba proběhla 4. 2. 2026
Vedoucí: prof. Ing. Mansoor Maitah, Ph.D. Ph.D.
Oponent: Hana Hönigová, externi

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Citace dle ISO 690:

MAMUN, Abdullah Al. \textit{The Role of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) : A Case Study of Bangladesh}. Online. Diplomová práce. Praha: Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze, Provozně ekonomická fakulta. 2025. Dostupné z: https://theses.cz/id/3d6jkh/.

@MastersThesis{Mamun2025thesis,
AUTHOR = "Mamun, Abdullah Al",
TITLE = "The Role of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) : A Case Study of Bangladesh [online]",
YEAR = "2025 [cit. 2026-06-22]",
TYPE = "Diplomová práce",
SCHOOL = "Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze, Provozně ekonomická fakultaPraha",
NOTE = "SUPERVISOR: prof. Ing. Mansoor Maitah, Ph.D. Ph.D.",
URL = "https://theses.cz/id/3d6jkh/",
}

@MastersThesis{Mamun2025thesis,
AUTHOR = {Mamun, Abdullah Al},
TITLE = {The Role of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) : A Case Study of Bangladesh},
YEAR = {2025},
TYPE = {Diplomová práce},
INSTITUTION = {Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze, Provozně ekonomická fakulta},
LOCATION = {Praha},
SUPERVISOR = {prof. Ing. Mansoor Maitah, Ph.D. Ph.D.},
URL = {https://theses.cz/id/3d6jkh/},
URL_DATE = {2026-06-22},
}

{{Citace kvalifikační práce
 | příjmení = Mamun
 | jméno = Abdullah Al
 | instituce = Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze, Provozně ekonomická fakulta
 | titul = The Role of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) : A Case Study of Bangladesh
 | url = https://theses.cz/id/3d6jkh/
 | typ práce = Diplomová práce
 | vedoucí = prof. Ing. Mansoor Maitah, Ph.D. Ph.D.
 | rok = 2025
 | počet stran =
 | strany =
 | citace = 2026-06-22
 | poznámka =
 | jazyk = 
}}

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Theses 3d6jkh 3d6jkh/3

1. 12. 2025

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appendix Al_Mamun_Abdullah_APPENDICES.pdf_

Mach, J.

1. 12. 2025

thesis zaverecna_prace.pdf_

Mach, J.

1. 12. 2025

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The Role of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) : A Case Study of Bangladesh – Abdullah Al Mamun

Abdullah Al Mamun

Diplomová práce

The Role of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) : A Case Study of Bangladesh

Abstract:

Abstract:

Keywords

Obhajoba závěrečné práce

Citační záznam

Citace dle ISO 690:

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Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze

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