Labor market in Kazakhstan – Madina Meirambekova

Abstract:

This thesis examines the current structure, key indicators, and effects of implemented employment policies in the labour market. The aim of the study is to reveal the structural characteristics of the labour market in the country, assess the level of unemployment, analyze regional and societal differences, and discuss the impact of public policies on this area. The findings show that Kazakhstan’s labour market has exhibited a stable macroeconomic profile in recent years. The labour force and employment have increased, the unemployment rate has remained low, and the share of paid employment has risen. However, the market is not homogeneous. The share of self-employed individuals remains high, women's labour force participation is lower than men's, the NEET problem persists among young people, and there are significant unemployment disparities between regions. Furthermore, employment is concentrated in specific sectors such as trade, education, industry, and agriculture. The thesis also evaluates the results of employment policies. Active labour market programs, career centers, and target group initiatives have a certain impact on limiting unemployment. However, the capacity of these policies to generate permanent and high-quality employment is still limited. In conclusion, Kazakhstan’s labour market presents a quantitatively stable but structurally fragmented and unequal picture. …víceméně