Změny v tělesném složení dívek po skončení opatření proti onemocnění COVID-19

Bc. Kristýna PEKAŘÍKOVÁ

Master's thesis

Changes in the body composition of girls due to COVID-19 measures

Abstract:

This thesis explores the body composition of adolescent girls during the Covid-19 pandemic. The aim for this study was to analyze changes in the body composition of girls after the end of restrictive measures. A group of girls aged 11 to 18 was analyzed during this study, with a total of 748 participants across two cohorts. The first cohort comprised 565 girls who participated in the research from September to October 2019, before the implementation of movement restrictions. The second cohort included 183 girls who were assessed after the lifting of movement restrictions due to Covid-19 in the period from September to October 2021. Approximately 35% of the girls participated in measurements twice. Basic anthropometric parameters were measured among the probands, such as BH - body height (cm) and BM - body weight (kg), BMI - body mass index (kg/m2) and parameters of body composition. These parameters included BF - body fat (%, kg), TBW - body water (%, l), SMM - skeletal muscle mass (%, kg), and VFA - visceral fat volume (cm2). Body height was measured using the stadiometer, while body weight and body composition were analyzed using the InBody BIA analyzer 770. The obtained data were statistically processed using IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0 and MS Excel. Statistical significance was set at the ? = 0.05 level. The results of the study after the Covid-19 pandemic period indicate that although there was no significant weight gain among girls, significant changes were observed in body composition. Prior to the pandemic, girls had a higher proportion of muscle mass and a lower proportion of body fat. These findings indicate that despite consistent BMI values, physical activity plays a crucial role in maintaining optimal body composition during adolescence. A decrease in muscle mass may lead to the risk of sarcopenia and other diseases later in life.

Abstract:

This thesis explores the body composition of adolescent girls during the Covid-19 pandemic. The aim for this study was to analyze changes in the body composition of girls after the end of restrictive measures. A group of girls aged 11 to 18 was analyzed during this study, with a total of 748 participants across two cohorts. The first cohort comprised 565 girls who participated in the research from September to October 2019, before the implementation of movement restrictions. The second cohort included 183 girls who were assessed after the lifting of movement restrictions due to Covid-19 in the period from September to October 2021. Approximately 35% of the girls participated in measurements twice. Basic anthropometric parameters were measured among the probands, such as BH - body height (cm) and BM - body weight (kg), BMI - body mass index (kg/m2) and parameters of body composition. These parameters included BF - body fat (%, kg), TBW - body water (%, l), SMM - skeletal muscle mass (%, kg), and VFA - visceral fat volume (cm2). Body height was measured using the stadiometer, while body weight and body composition were analyzed using the InBody BIA analyzer 770. The obtained data were statistically processed using IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0 and MS Excel. Statistical significance was set at the ? = 0.05 level. The results of the study after the Covid-19 pandemic period indicate that although there was no significant weight gain among girls, significant changes were observed in body composition. Prior to the pandemic, girls had a higher proportion of muscle mass and a lower proportion of body fat. These findings indicate that despite consistent BMI values, physical activity plays a crucial role in maintaining optimal body composition during adolescence. A decrease in muscle mass may lead to the risk of sarcopenia and other diseases later in life.

Keywords

Omezení fyzické aktivity, tělesná hmota, tělesný tuk, viscelární tuk, kosterní svalová hmota

Language used: Czech

Date on which the thesis was submitted / produced: 5. 4. 2024

Accessible from:: 31. 12. 2999

Thesis defence

• Supervisor: doc. PhDr. Petr Kutáč, Ph.D.

University of Ostrava

Pedagogical Faculty

Master programme / field:
Teaching for Upper Secondary Schools / Physical Education - Pedagogy