Ptačí společenstva nelesních stanovišť v NP Šumava

Andrea Květová

Bachelor's thesis

Birds of Non-forest Habitats in the Šumava National Park

Abstract:

Cílem bakalářské práce je zhodnocení druhové skladby ptačích populací na nelesních stanovištích Národního parku Šumava v hnízdním období 2017. Monitoring probíhal na třiceti lokalitách, konkrétně na horských smilkových trávnících, oligotrofních slatiništích a v horských údolních nivách. Celkem bylo vymezeno 30 stanovišť, tedy 10 stanovišť pro každý typ biotopu, vždy o roloze 1 ha. Tyto stanoviště byla v minulosti odlesňována nebo obhospodařována sečí či pastvou. Nyní jsou však ponechána samovolnému vývoji. Jednotlivá stanoviště byla vybrána v rámci projektu Ptáci byli zaznamenáváni akustickou a vizuální formou. Kontrola probíhala opakovaně, tedy 2x během hnízdní sezóny. Data byla sbírána po dobu 30 minut. Na nelesních stanovištích bylo zaznamenáno celkem 50 druhů ptáků v počtu 257 jedinců. Výslednou hodnotou bylo vzato maximum z těchto dvou kontrol. Dále byla vyhodnocena dominance, denzita a frekvence ptačích společenstev na jednotlivých typech stanovišť.

Abstract:

The aim of the bachelor thesis is research about the species composition of bird populations occurring in non-forested areas of the Bohemian forest National Park during the breeding season in 2017.The monitoring was carried out on thirty different localities of non-forest habitats, namely on nardus mats and heathlands, poor fens and upper mountain alluvial grasslands.In total, 30 habitats were identified, ie 10 habitats for each habitat type. The studied habitat is square shaped with an area of 1 hectare each.These habitats have been deforested, pastured or harvested in the past. Now they are left to spontaneous development. Which significantly changes its species composition of both local flora and fauna.This is a pan-European trend, mean the abandonment of agricultural land. The individual locality were carefully selected within the SILVA GABRETA project, which is interrested in bird research about their populations in the Czech Republic.Individual bird species were recorded by acoustic and visual observation. The check was carried out repeatedly, mean twice during the breeding season. The data was collected for a minimum of 30 minutes. A total of 50 bird species of 257 individuals were recorded on non-forested habitats. The resulting value was the maximum of these two checks. Further, the dominance, density and frequency of bird communities on individual habitat types were evaluated

Keywords

Šumavská rašeliniště, Neobhospodařované horské louky, Národní park Šumava, Nelesní stanoviště

Keywords

Unmanaged mountain meadows, Non-forest Habitats, Bohemian forest peatlands, National park Bohemian forest

Language used: Czech

Date on which the thesis was submitted / produced: 25. 4. 2019

Thesis defence

• Supervisor: Ing. Petr Zasadil, Ph.D.
• Reader: Vendula Ludvíková, Ph.D.

Czech University of Life Sciences Prague

Faculty of Environmental Sciences

Bachelor programme / field:
Landscaping / Landscape Technical and Administration Services