Rozpad státnosti: Případová studie Libye

Gabriela STEŇKOVÁ

Bachelor's thesis

The Disintegration of statehood - the case study of Libya

Abstract:

Tématem této bakalářské práce je rozpad státnosti Libye. Práce je koncipována jako jednopřípadová studie, v jejímž rámci je analyzován vliv rozpadu státnosti na míru vnitřní bezpečnosti státu a bezpečnosti okolí. Roku 2011 byl po čtyřiceti dvou letech sesazen z postu vůdce Muammar Kaddáfí. Obyvatelé tehdy doufali, že to bude ve znamení nového začátku, svobody a bezpečnosti. Ale ani dlouhých šest let po smrti tohoto muže, není kdysi jedna z nejbohatších afrických zemí, schopna nového začátku a dochází spíše než k přiblížení tolik vytoužené demokracii, k zesilování anarchie a klid v zemi je v nedohlednu. Od roku 2011 se tak začala Libye označovat za rozpadající, či dnes spíše za rozpadlý stát. Cílem této bakalářské práce je zjistit, jak rozpad státnosti Libye po pádu režimu Muammara Kaddáfího ovlivnil bezpečnostní situaci v zemi a bezpečnost v okolí mezi lety 20112016. Studie se tedy zabývá tím, zda a jak se v těchto letech zhoršovala bezpečností situace v zemi s přibývajícími nepokoji a nestabilitou režimu uvnitř země a zda měl rozpad Libye i negativní dopad na bezpečnost v nejbližším okolí.

Abstract:

This bachelor thesis is one case study, which is focusing on a connection between a state failure and security with the aim of this study being an analysis of the effects of Libya as a failed state on the security in the country itself and the surroundings during the years 20112016. The term failed state came to existence at the end of the cold war. After the war the Soviet Union fell apart and the bipolar system changed into a multipolar. With this some of the countries lost a big ally as well as a financial supporter, which led to a weakening of many states. Failed state is now being described as a state, which is no longer capable of assuring security and development of the country and no longer controls its borders. First this term is explained through studies of political scientists and their analyses of the effects of the state failure on the security of the country. Furthermore, the focus is put on what role the state failure plays not only in the security of the country itself but also in the security of surroundings. The empirical part of this thesis explains the course of the events which led to the destabilization of Libya from the year 2011 on and what consequences it had on the security matter of the country, with the emphasis put on the human security matter. The next part of the analyses directs outside the borders focusing on three neighbouring countries Tunisia, Egypt and Algeria and one not neighbouring country Mali, which have been affected by the state failure of Libya mainly by the spread of the extremist groups and illegal trade. In the conclusion it is explained that Libya has become a failed state since the rebellion in 2011 because of the nonexistence of the government, increase of the military groups and terrorist groups, incapability of controlling borders and life threats of Libyans as well as being its failure having a huge effect on the security of other countries.

Keywords

rozpadlý stát, bezpečnost, Libye, konflikt, Islámský stát, terorismus, občanská válka

Language used: Czech

Date on which the thesis was submitted / produced: 28. 4. 2017

Accessible from:: 31. 12. 2999

Thesis defence

• Supervisor: PhDr. Martina Ponížilová, Ph.D.

University of West Bohemia

Faculty of Philosophy and Arts

Bachelor programme / field:
International Regional Studies / International Relations - British and American Studies