Odpovědnost a ručení statutárních orgánů kapitálových společností

Mgr. Přemysl Šebek

Master's thesis

Responsibility and Liability of Statutory Authorities

Abstract:

Práce se věnuje odpovědnosti a ručení statutárních orgánů v kapitálových společnostech. Práce je rozdělena do 5 kapitol. V úvodu autor vysvětluje svůj záměr, které jej vedou k zájmu o toto téma. Druhá kapitola podává definice základních pojmů, konkrétně pak definuje obchodní společnosti, statutární orgán. Třetí kapitola se zabývá jednotlivými základními povinnostmi členů statutárních orgánů, kterými jsou zejména: výkon funkce s péčí řádného hospodáře,povinnost mlčenlivosti a zákaz konkurence. Kapitola čtvrtá se zabývá soukromoprávní odpovědností členů představenstva a jednatelů vůči společnosti, odpovědností za škodu, odpovědnosti za porušení zákazu konkurence, odpovědností vůči společníkům (akcionářům) a odpovědností vůči třetím osobám typicky věřitelům. Pátá kapitola se zabývá institutem zákonného ručení členů představenstva a jednatelů.

Abstract:

My thesis concerning the topic of responsibility and liability of authorized representatives in stock corporations aimed at comprehensive delineation of the status of authorized representatives in stock corporations, their responsibility for breach of legal duties and the institute of statutory liability for company obligations. The goal of the first chapter was to provide basic delineation of the institute of legal liability, its sense and function. The second chapter deals with the delineation of the basic notions related with the institute of liability. As first, I provided an account of characteristic features of trading companies. Since the Commercial Code defines two types of trading companies personal and stock corporations, both the previously mentioned are defined and compared. The main theme of the second chapter was the delineation of the term authorized representative. Since the primary precondition of liability is the breach of legal duties, the third chapter treats the comprehensive summary of duties of authorized representatives within a trading company. The duties of the members of authorized representatives are inherent in the contract between them and the company if it was signed, as well as in separate provisions of the Commercial Code. The fourth chapter deals with the liability of authorized representatives in trading companies, especially adverse consequences which activates when legal duties are breached. This chapter was divided into three subchapters. (Liability to company, Liability to partners or shareholders, Liability to third parties). Special attention was paid to liability to company inherent in obligations between a company and a member of authorized representatives. On the basis of Act. No. 66/2 of the Commercial Code, the relationship between a company and a member of a statutory body shall be governed by the provisions regarding mandate agreement, unless the Commercial code or an agreement between a company and a member of its statutory body provides otherwise. Within the frame of individual subchapters, I dealt with concrete kinds of liabilities, namely the liability for damage of a member of authorized representatives. This is defined in the Commercial code as objective, i.e. without any necessary fault on the side of the party which caused the damage. Furthermore, it is pointed out here that a member of authorized representatives is not liable for the results of his activity but for its due performance. The gauge of the above stated performance is the institute of careful managers care. Alongside the liability for damage, the following was also addressed:Function liability (its consequence can be a suspension from the office), Liability for breaching the prohibition of the competitive dealings. The fifth chapter addresses liability of authorized representatives in trading companies. The core of this chapter is an analysis of provisions in the Commercial Code that regulate legal liability of authorized representatives. Authorized representatives are not only liable for the damage caused to a company but the institute of legal liability also applies in case that an authorized representative does not cover for the caused damage and thus the creditors of the company cannot satisfy their claim from the property of the company for the reasons of insolvency or because the company ceased payment. The height of liability obligation is limited by the amount of damage caused by the authorized representative. The authorized representatives liability is joint and several. The final chapter strives to summarize the findings gained while elaborating the contents of this thesis.

Keywords

odpovědnost, ručení, statutární orgán, člen představenstva, jednatel, péče řádného hospodáře, zákaz konkurence

Language used: Czech

Date on which the thesis was submitted / produced: 2. 4. 2007

Thesis defence

• Date of defence: 15. 5. 2007
• Supervisor: doc. JUDr. Josef Kotásek, Ph.D.

Masaryk University

Faculty of Law

Master programme / field:
Law and Legal Science / Law