Měřící nástroje k posouzení rizika vzniku malnutrice u seniorů

Aneta JONÁKOVÁ

Bachelor's thesis

Nutrition and dietetics

Abstract:

Hlavnim cilem teto prehledove bakalarske prace je sumarizace aktualnich poznatku o mericich nastrojich pro posouzeni rizika vzniku malnutrice u senioru. Studie byly ziskany z elektronickych vedeckych databazi, jako jsou Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect a Ebsco. Vysledky techto studii hodnoti validitu a ucinnost ruznych nastroju pro hodnoceni podvyzivy u starsich dospelych. Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF) se ukazal jako vysoce senzitivni a specificky nastroj, ktery je snadno pouzitelny po potrebnem skoleni a vhodny jak pro nemocnicni, tak komunitni prostredi. Mini Nutritional Assessment Full Form (MNA-FF) nabizi komplexni hodnoceni, ale jeho casova narocnost jej cini vhodnym pro detailni hodnoceni. Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) je rovnez vysoce senzitivni a specificky, jednoduchy a rychly, coz jej cini efektivnim v nemocnicnich podminkach. Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) je velmi dobre pouzitelny v nemocnicnim prostredi a je vhodny pro detailni hodnoceni. Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST) je rychly a snadno pouzitelny s vysokou citlivosti, ale jeho vyuziti je omezene v komunitnich podminkach. SCREEN-II je vysoce senzitivni a specificky, a proto ucinny v komunitnich prostredich. Nutritional Form for the Elderly (NUFFE) je jednoduchy, rychly a ma vysokou senzitivitu a specifitu, ale muze prehlednout specificke dietni potreby, takze je Autor prace: Jonakova Aneta vhodny pro vstupni screening. Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment Short Form (PG-SGA SF) je idealni pro ambulantni prostredi. Celkove jsou MNA-SF a MUST nejvice vhodne a univerzalni nastroje. Pro nemocnicni prostredi jsou doporuceny nastroje MNA-SF, MUST a PG-SGA SF, pro komunitni prostredi SCREEN-II a MNA-SF, a pro detailni hodnoceni MNA-FF a SGA. Doporucuje se kombinovat ruzne nastroje pro co nejpresnejsi diagnostiku. Vysledky shrnute v teto praci mohou slouzit jako voditko pro volbu spravneho mericiho nastroje pro hodnoceni malnutrice u starsich dospelych v ruznych prostredich, at uz nemocnicnich nebo komunitnich.

Abstract:

The main aim of this bachelor's thesis is to summarize the current findings on measuring tools for assessing the risk of malnutrition in the elderly. The sources for this work were studies obtained from electronic scientific databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Ebsco. The results of the mentioned studies highlight the validity and effectiveness of various tools for evaluating malnutrition in older adults. The Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF) is highly sensitive and specific, easy to use with the necessary training, and suitable for both hospital and community settings. The Mini Nutritional Assessment Full Form (MNA-FF) offers a comprehensive assessment but is time-consuming, making it suitable for detailed evaluations. The Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) is also highly sensitive and specific, simple and quick, making it effective in hospital settings. The Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) is very well applicable in hospital settings, suitable for detailed evaluations. The Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST) is quick and easy to use with high sensitivity but limited in community conditions. SCREEN-II is highly sensitive and specific, effective in community environments. The Nutritional Form for the Elderly (NUFFE) is simple, quick, and highly sensitive and specific, but it may overlook specific dietary needs, making it suitable for initial screening. The Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment Short Form (PG-SGA SF) is ideal for outpatient settings. Overall, MNA-SF and MUST are the most valid and versatile tools. The recommended tools for hospital settings are MNA-SF, MUST, and PG-SGA SF; for community settings, SCREEN-II and MNA-SF; and for detailed evaluations, MNA-FF and SGA. It is recommended to combine tools for accurate diagnosis. The results summarised in this work can serve as one of the guides for choosing the appropriate measuring tool for assessing malnutrition in older adults in both hospital and community settings.

Keywords

podvýživa, malnutrice, senior, měřící nástroj, screening

Language used: Czech

Date on which the thesis was submitted / produced: 1. 7. 2024

Thesis defence

• Supervisor: Mgr. Ludmila Koudeláková, Ph.D.

Palacký University Olomouc

Faculty of Health Sciences

Bachelor programme / field:
General Nursing / General Nursing