Mutual interactions of stilbenoids, colon microbiota and intestinal epithelium

Ing. Veronika Jarošová

Doctoral thesis

Abstract:

The dietary intake of plant polyphenols plays an important role in human health. While passing through the gastrointestinal tract, polyphenols are transformed by colon microbiota and colon epithelial cells, which considerably affect their pharmacokinetics. However, this relationship also works the other way around, polyphenols affect the colon microbiota, either by direct inhibitory activity against individual taxa, or as a selective substrate for the growth and progression of microorganisms, or by affecting adhesion and thereby colonisation of the colon. The aim of this doctoral thesis is to find out, how the polyphenols from the group of stilbenoids, which are naturally occurring in the diet, are transformed in the gastrointestinal tract and how their presence affects the composition of colon microbiota. The results have shown that some stilbenoids are intensively metabolically transformed by human microbiota and during the transport through the epithelial cells, while the others are resistant to the metabolism in the colon. Reciprocally, at physiologically relevant concentrations, some stilbenoids affected the colon microbiota composition. The increase of some beneficial bacteria e.g. butyrate-producing Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, has been observed under simulated conditions in the presence of some stilbenoids. Three main metabolic pathways have been observed under simulated colon conditions: double bond reduction, dihydroxylation, and demethylation. While passing through the epithelial cells the sulphate and glucuronide conjugates have been detected in different ratios for each parent compound. The results of this thesis can also be useful for future research, where relevant metabolites can be included in screening assays for biological activities.

Keywords

In vitro colon model, Microbiota, Stilbenoids

Language used: English

Date on which the thesis was submitted / produced: 7. 9. 2020

Thesis defence

• Supervisor: doc. Ing. Jaroslav Havlík, Ph.D.
• Reader: Přemysl Landa, externi, Kateřina Valentová, Bc., externi, Irena Valterová, Bc., externi

Czech University of Life Sciences Prague

Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources

Doctoral programme / field:
Animal Science / General Animal Science