Teologie osvobození

Mgr. Libuše Valíčková

Master's thesis

A Theology of Liberation

Abstract:

Teologie osvobození Pouením, které vyvodili latinskoamerití církevní pedstavitelé od 60. let z chudoby ve svých zemích, je rozhodná solidárnost s postiženými lidmi. Toto uení se nazývá teologií osvobození, protože vychází ze zkušenosti "zajetí" v chudob a nespravedlnosti. Protože usiluje o konec tohoto zajetí, je teologie osvobození teologií politickou a jako taková je vystavena kritice. Kesanskou odpovdnost za problémy tetího svta objasnil papež Pavel VI. v encyklice "O pokroku národ" (Populorum progressio). Teologie osvobození je ovšem v katolické teologii sporná; je totiž obviována z náklonnosti k marxismu. Známými teology osvobození jsou Gustavo Gutiérrez a Leonardo Boff.

Abstract:

Liberation theology is an controversial school of theological thought. It was found in the Roman Catholic Church after the Second Vatican Council. It is often cited as a form of Christian socialism, and it has had particularly widespread influence in Latin America and among the Jesuits. Though most elements of liberation theology were rejected by the Vatican. The current Pope, Benedict XVI, has also been long known as a fierce opponent of liberation theology, since he headed the Sacred Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith. A theology of liberation is a school of theology, especially prevalent in the Roman Catholic Church in Latin America, that finds in the Gospel a call to free people from political, social, and material oppression.Liberation theology, belief that the Christian Gospel demands a preferential option for the poor, and that the church should be involved in the struggle for economic and political justice in the contemporary worldparticularly in the Third World. Dating to the Second Vatican Council (1962-65) and the Second Latin American Bishops Conference, held in Medellin, Colombia (1968), the movement brought poor people together in comunidades de base, or Christian-based communities, to study the Bible and to fight for social justice. Since the 1980s, the church hierarchy has criticized liberation theology and its advocates, accusing them of wrongly supporting violent revolution and Marxist class struggle.

Keywords

teologie osvobozeni/a teology of liberation, Gustavo Gutierrez, Leonardo Boff, socialismus/ socialism, Medellin, II. vatikansky koncil/ Second Vatican Council

Language used: Czech

Date on which the thesis was submitted / produced: 25. 9. 2006

Thesis defence

• Date of defence: 12. 9. 2006
• Supervisor: doc. PhDr. David Václavík, Ph.D.

Masaryk University

Faculty of Arts

Master programme / field:
Humanities / Study of Religions