Vliv staveb na životní prostředí z pohledu materiálu a umístění

Bc. Petr STULÍK

Master's thesis

The Impact of Buildings on the Environment from the Perspective of Material and Location

Abstract:

Tato práce zkoumá, jaký vliv má stavba na životní prostředí. Porovnává hodnoty jak globální, tak na úrovni státu. Zaobírá se energiemi, které vznikají při realizaci staveb, jejich užívání, ale i dopravou materiálů a prací vynaloženou na likvidaci. Jako vzorek je vybrána referenční stavba, která je realizována z několika materiálových řešení. Každá tato varianta je vyčíslena konkrétními hodnotami a porovnána s ostatními, ale i s výrobky a procesy z dalších sektorů ovlivňujících životní prostředí.

Abstract:

People burden the environment in many ways. One of them is the production of products. Each material loads the earth in different ways. The aim of this thesis is to determine how it is in the construction industry. The thesis deals mainly with primary energy consumption and the carbon footprint that the building produces, respectively consumes for her whole life cycle. In the theoretical part there are described the evaluation parameters and statistics, which these values reach in the world and in the Czech Republic. After that, evaluation methods are presented which represent complex building certifications. These should express not only the environmental but also the social and economic character of the building. In the practical part the reference building is modeled. Family two-storeyed house with a gross floor area of 180 m2 is designed in more material solutions. For each variant are calculated the absolute and percentage values of environmental, technical and economic parameters, part of the construction production and individual materials. The thesis also includes the influence of the location of the building. Here the values for the environmental impact differ due to the different transport of building materials as well as the different value due to the differ quality built-up land, which is irretrievably degraded. The aim of this thesis is to show what parameters are important for the environmental impact in normal construction practice and which are minor.

Keywords

Životní prostředí, Uhlíková stopa, Vliv staveb, Emise, Materiálové řešení

Language used: Czech

Date on which the thesis was submitted / produced: 10. 1. 2020

Accessible from:: 31. 12. 2999

Thesis defence

• Supervisor: Ing. Petr Kesl, Ph.D.

University of West Bohemia

Faculty of Applied Sciences

Master programme / field:
Civil Engineering / Building Structures