Nevědomí v psychoanalytické koncepci S. Freuda, C. G. Junga a v pojetí současných neurověd

Jana TYŠEROVÁ

Bachelor's thesis

Phenomenon of unconsciousness

Abstract:

Práce pojednává o psychoanalytickém přístupu k nevědomé sféře v psychologii S. Freuda s ohledem na strukturální a topografické členění mysli. Další část je věnována pojetí u C.G Junga a jeho rozšíření o spektrum kolektivního nevědomí, tvořeného archetypy. Třetí oddíl práce shrnuje psychoanalytickou koncepci a doplňuje ji o přístup z pohledu moderních neurověd. Výsledem je porovnání pojetí a zhodnocení vzájemného přínosu.

Abstract:

The bachelor work presents the theme phenomena of unconsciousness, dividing into three fields of perspective: from Freud's psychoanalysis, from Jung's interpretation of collective and singular unconsciousness and lastly from the modern neuroscience point of view. The Freudian theory explained an existence of unconsciousness in topographic, later in structural model which included three spheres of human mind: Superego, Ego an ID. The deepest layer, ID, presented the main domain of unconsciousness itself. This platform was consisted from self-persevered and sexual instincts. S. Freud was the founder of new psychology discipline, psychoanalysis, that therapist follows this scheme of human mind, with focus on clarifying hidden motives of behaviour through dreams and free associations interpretation etc. From another perspective is introduced C. G. Jung theory, originally student of S. Freud. As well as his teacher he supposed the existence of unconsciousness but in the opposite of Freudian interpretation, dynamic power of human beings (libido) is not explained only by sexual instincts. Jung also widened the model of mind structure for collective unconsciousness platform, consisted from archetypes. This thesis expected the existence of unconsciousness formulas which were given all the people congenitally. Both mentioned theories about existence and operating of unconsciousness have also a weak side. There was no possibility of science verification, but current modern medicine, mainly neurology, offers the chance how to test the hypothesis and finally, accordance to result, to confirm or falsify it. Probably it is the way, how traditional psychoanalysis theory can disproved the speculative points of Freudian approach.

Keywords

Nevědomí, Psychoanalýza, Struktura mysli, Libido, Archetypy, Komplexy, Neurověda, Zrcadlové neurony, Neuro-psychoanalýza

Language used: Czech

Date on which the thesis was submitted / produced: 14. 4. 2016

Accessible from:: 31. 12. 2999

Thesis defence

• Supervisor: Mgr. Michal Polák, Ph.D.

University of West Bohemia

Faculty of Philosophy and Arts

Bachelor programme / field:
Humanities Studies / Humanities