Biologické účinky silic a ich využitie v aromaterapii

Kristína Oreničová

Bachelor's thesis

Biological effects of essential oils and their use in aromatherapy

Abstract:

Aromatherapy is an ancient therapy that has been used to treat the mind, body, and soul. Because it uses natural essential oils, it is gaining interest even today. People are increasingly trying to remove synthetic substances from their lives, and therefore interest in the possible use of natural essential oils is still growing. The essence of aromatherapy is the application of essential oils, in which their biological effects occur in the body. The work provided a brief overview of the history of aromatherapy and types of aromatherapies according to different approaches. Furthermore, it focused on the procedure of extraction of essential oils from plants and the description of their chemical structure with regard to the description of the most common functional groups. Due to the great influence of the method of application on the effect of essential oils in the body, the pathways of essential oils in the body have also been described. The thesis summarized researches published after 2015, which aim of study was the impact of essential oils on improving the quality of life. This thesis focused on suppressing anxiety, improving sleep quality, alleviating depression, treating migraines and the analgesic effects of essential oils. Most studies have confirmed the positive effect of essential oils in aromatherapy, still in some studies, this was apparently only a placebo effect, or no desired effect was achieved with the use of essential oils. Although essential oils are generally considered safe, the work also describes the possible negative effects of essential oils on the body. The use of essential oils also progresses in areas other than aromatherapy, and thus the work has also briefly described the use of essential oils in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries.

Abstract:

Aromaterapia je terapia, ktorá sa už od nepamäti využívala na liečbu mysle, tela i duše. Vzhľadom na to, že využíva prírodné silice dostáva sa do popredia aj v dnešnej dobe. Ľudia sa čoraz viac snažia odstrániť syntetické látky zo svojho života a preto záujem o možné využitie silíc stále rastie. Podstatou aromaterapie je aplikácia silíc, pri ktorej dochádza k ich biologickým účinkom v organizme. Práca poskytla stručný prehľad histórie aromaterapie a rozdelenie aromaterapie podľa rôznych prístupov. Ďalej sa venovala postupom extrakcie silíc z rastlín a popisom ich chemickej štruktúry s ohľadom na popis najviac zastúpených funkčných skupín. Vzhľadom na veľký vplyv spôsobu aplikácie na účinok silíc v organizme boli popísané aj dráhy pôsobenia silíc v organizme. Práca sumarizovala odborné texty publikované po roku 2015, ktoré sa zaoberali vplyvom silíc na zlepšenie kvality života. Zamerala sa na potlačenie anxiety, zlepšenie kvality spánku, zmiernenie depresie, liečbu migrény či analgetické účinky silíc. Väčšina štúdií potvrdila pozitívny vplyv silíc v aromaterapii, avšak v niektorých prácach išlo zjavne iba o placebo efekt alebo použitím silíc nedošlo k žiadnemu požadovanému efektu. Hoci sa silice považujú všeobecne za bezpečné, práca popisuje aj možné negatívne účinky silíc na organizmus. Využitia silíc napreduje aj v iných oblastiach ako v aromaterapii, a teda práca stručne popísala aj využitie silíc v potravinárstve, kozmetickom priemysle a farmaceutickom priemysle.

Keywords

essential oil, taste, aroma, aromatherapy

Keywords

vôňa, aromaterapia, chuť, silice

Language used: Slovak

Date on which the thesis was submitted / produced: 2. 5. 2021

Thesis defence

• Supervisor: Ing. Matěj Božik, Ph.D.

Czech University of Life Sciences Prague

Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources

Bachelor programme / field:
Agriculture, Horticulture and Rural Development / Quality of Agricultural Products