The Impact of Unified Payments Interface (UPI) on Digital Payments and Financial Inclusion in India

Takshilkumar Nikhilkumar Dave

Bachelor's thesis

Abstract:

The comprehensive study shows how the UPI (unified payment interface) has transformed digital payment system in India by offering a real time payment facility within inter-bank transactions through mobile application or SMS (UPI Lite) for multiple bank accounts. It also contributes to the rapid growth of economy, digital literacy, impact on financial inclusion, and reduction of cash transactions. The government, banks, Reserve Bank of India (RBI, national bank of India) has played the vital role to develop this platform, make it efficient and easily accessible to all the citizens. The research suggest future prospects of UPI is to make India digital, to save people from cash scam, tax collection and make it international with the emerging technologies. It has also given opportunity to private firms as their partner, service provider, payment gateway service provider and policy makers to improve the services and address bottlenecks. With the increased use of Internet and technology, UPI has shown trust to secure the data and provide digital security and enhanced user experience from day-to-day life. Private service providers also played similar role and showed us on making a digital business in a different perspective. The prototype in this thesis shows the glimpse of mobile application, how it works and what’s the real ideology of UPI.

Keywords

UPI, Mobile payments, React Native, NPCI, RBI, User, Merchant

Language used: English

Date on which the thesis was submitted / produced: 19. 3. 2026

Thesis defence

• Date of defence: 19. 5. 2026
• Supervisor: Ing. Jiří Brožek, Ph.D.
• Reader: Jurij Ružejnikov, Ing.

Czech University of Life Sciences Prague

Faculty of Economics and Management

Bachelor programme:
Informatics