In vitro induced polyploidy in medicinal species of the Lamiaceae family: A Review

Zuzana Rázková

Bachelor's thesis

Abstract:

Medicinal plants and humanity have been growing side by side since immemorial times. The knowledge of use of plants spread according to people’s traditions and was transmitted from one generation to another. With the knowledge, grew the desire for an enhancement of plant materials, as the improvement of soil elements by fertilization or selection of better varieties of species. Nowadays there are faster and more effective technologies helping to increase the chemical properties of the plant, as the polyploidization. This review compared 17 plant species from 19 different experiments where the induced polyploidization was performed. All of these species were from Lamiaceae family containing components which are source of pharmaceutical substances. These plants were compared according to their plant part, method of induction, used antimitotic agent, morphological and chemical changes. Their chemical changes were after linked with their health use. The most effective analysed parameters were nodal segments, in vitro cultivation and inductive medium. The use of antimitotic agent efficiency could not be reviled since colchicine is used in most of the reviewed experiments. Most of the compare plants increased size of stomata and decreased their frequency. Weight growth, larger thickness and darker colour were other characteristics recognised the most in polyploid plants. The increase of body surface reflected also in the increase of the increase of chemical compounds in plant’s body in overwhelming majority of plants. The compounds changes could increase the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, antimicrobial effects and treating many disorders cardiovascular, nervous or digestive systems and used for many other goods.

Keywords

polyploidization, secondary metabolites, Lamiaceae, medicinal plants

Language used: English

Date on which the thesis was submitted / produced: 16. 4. 2021

Thesis defence

• Supervisor: prof. Ing. Eloy Fernández Cusimamani, Ph.D.

Czech University of Life Sciences Prague

Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences

Bachelor programme / field:
Agricultural Specialization / Agriculture in Tropics and Subtropics