Rómovia a Vietnamci očami väčšinovej spoločnosti: Úloha hrozby vo vzťahu medziskupinového kontaktu a postojov

Mgr. Tibor Žingora

Master's thesis

Roma and Vietnamese Through the Eyes of Majority Group: The role of Threat in the Relationship Between Intergroup Contact and Attitudes

Abstract:

In this study, we examined the relationship between different types of contact of Czech population (N = 820) with two minority groups (Roma and Vietnamese) and attitudes toward them. We hypothesized to find differences in the impact of contact on attitudes and also in the impact of intergroup threat on the relationship of contact and attitudes between Roma and Vietnamese, because of distinguishable stereotype and different relationship with Czechs. The respondents had worse relationship with Roma than with Vietnamese and they felt more threatened by Roma. According to the stereotype content model (Fiske, Cuddy, Glick & Xu, 2002) the respondents perceived Roma as less warmth and less competent group in comparison to Vietnamese. The intergroup contact was related to the attitudes in the expected way for both groups what means that positive contact was related with positive attitudes and negative contact with negative attitudes. The positive contact was a stronger predictor of the positive attitudes in the case of Roma minority; on the other hand, the frequency of the contact predicted the positive attitudes stronger in the case of Vietnamese. We confirmed the assumption that the contact has an impact on attitudes through change in the perceived threat. As we supposed, the change of the perceived threat had bigger impact on the relationship of the contact and attitudes in the case of the minority characterized by lower warmth and lower competence which was in this research Roma minority.

Abstract:

V tejto štúdii sme skúmali vzťah medzi rôznymi typmi kontaktu českej populácie (N = 820) s dvoma menšinovými skupinami (Rómami a Vietnamcami) a postojmi voči nim. Predpokladali sme, že nájdeme rozdiely vo vplyve kontaktu na postoje i vo vplyve medziskupinovej hrozby na vzťah kontaktu a postojov medzi Rómami a Vietnamcami kvôli rozdielnemu stereotypu a iným vzťahom s Čechmi. Respondenti mali horšie vzťahy s Rómami ako s Vietnamcami a cítili sa byť Rómami viac ohrození. Podľa modelu obsahu stereotypov (Fiske, Cuddy, Glick & Xu, 2002) respondenti vnímali Rómov ako menej vrelú a menej kompetentnú skupinu oproti Vietnamcom. Medziskupinový kontakt súvisel s postojmi v očakávanom smere u oboch skupín, to znamená, že pozitívny kontakt súvisel s pozitívnymi postojmi a negatívny kontakt s negatívnymi postojmi. Pozitívny kontakt predikoval pozitívne postoje silnejšie v prípade rómskej menšiny, naproti tomu frekvencia kontaktu bez afektívneho náboja predikovala pozitívne postoje silnejšie u Vietnamcov. Potvrdili sme i predpoklad, že kontakt má vplyv na postoje prostredníctvom zmeny pociťovanej hrozby. Ako sme očakávali, zmena pociťovanej hrozby mala väčší vplyv na vzťah kontaktu a postojov v prípade menšiny charakteristickej nižšou vrelosťou a nižšou kompetenciou, ktorou bola v tomto výskume rómska menšina.

Keywords

medziskupinový kontakt, postoje, menšiny, medziskupinová hrozba, stereotyp, intergroup contact, attitudes, minorities, intergroup threat, stereotype

Language used: Slovak

Date on which the thesis was submitted / produced: 6. 5. 2014

Thesis defence

• Date of defence: 28. 5. 2014
• Supervisor: doc. Mgr. Sylvie Graf, Ph.D.

Masaryk University

Faculty of Arts

Master programme / field:
Psychology / Psychology