Úskalí (ne)ratifikace Římského statutu a legitimita Mezinárodního trestního soudu

Bc. Pavel BACÍK

Master's thesis

Problems of (non)ratification of Rome Statute and legitimation of International Criminal Court

Abstract:

Práce se zabývá Mezinárodním trestním soudem, který vznikl na základě mezinárodní multilaterální smlouvy tzv. Římského statutu přijatého smluvními státy během konference v Římě v roce 1998. Hlavním cílem práce je představit jednak proces ratifikace Římského statutu se zaměřením se na jednotlivé koalice států, které se na jeho vyjednávání podílely, přičemž jsou v práci představeny hlavní argumenty jeho odpůrců a příznivců, které jsou kriticky hodnoceny. Druhou částí práce je snaha odpovědět na otázku týkající se legitimity současného Mezinárodního trestního soudu se zaměřením na perspektivu a postoj USA k Soudu.

Abstract:

Some have called the 20th Century now past the bloodiest of all. Usually, those who claim this seem always to have in mind World Wars I and II, plus the Korean and Vietnam Wars. However, there were many more people in the world then, a mid-century population of 2.3 billion compared to the mid-19th Century population of 1.2 billion. International community reaction for the wars was etsablish some strong, universal and permanent international institution with capacity to fight againts human atrocities. In 20th century U. N. established ad hoc International criminal tribunals and thein milion was fight againts the war crimes, but there still lacked stable international institution. Year 1998 was landmark for establishing The International Criminal Court. The International Criminal Court is a relatively recently established international institution, whose objective is to judge the perpetrators of the worst crimes under international law in a fair trial. The creation of this court is a clear message sent by the international community to these perpetrators that they can not use their national immunities as an excuse anymore, that they will be brought before justice and bear responsibility for their behaviour.The International Criminal Court is a permanent tribunal to prosecute individuals for genocide, crimes against humanity,war crimes, and the crime of aggression. The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court is an open international treaty. The states can decide on a voluntary basis to ratify the Statute and thereby to accept the jurisdiction of the Court. The Statute was accepted in 1998 and on grounds of obtaining the required number of ratifications entered into force 1. 7. 2002. The jurisdiction of the Court covers the crimes committed from this date forward. Subject matter jurisdiction refers to following crimes: genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes. The crime of aggression should be included after the state parties accept the definition of this crime.This diploma thesis is focused for the question of its legitimacy and I try to describe the process of establishing and negotiation of Rome Statute of International Criminal Court.

Keywords

Římský statut, Mezinárodní trestní soud, mezinárodní trestní právo, zločiny dle mezinárodního práva, Ad Hoc tribunály

Language used: Czech

Date on which the thesis was submitted / produced: 29. 4. 2013

Accessible from:: 31. 12. 2999

Thesis defence

• Supervisor: PhDr. Mgr. Petr Jurek

University of West Bohemia

Faculty of Philosophy and Arts

Master programme / field:
Political Science / Foreign Relations