The effect of adjuvant on pesticides behaviour in soil

Umrbek Sharipov

Diplomová práce

Anotace:

The increasing use of pesticides in the soil is presents a serious environmental problem with soil contamination in the world. Many recent studies have shown significant effect of adjuvant on pesticide persistence and their degradation behavior in the soil using different type of adjuvants. The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of an adjuvant addition on Pendimethalin and Dimethenamid-p degradation rate in soil. The experiment was carried out under field conditions with 8 different treatments. Pendimethalin and Dimethenamid-p were applied alone and in a mixture with adjuvant, pesticide + adjuvant with irrigation and pesticide + irrigation without adjuvant. We have used two type of herbicides, which are Stomp 400 SC (containing 400 g/L pendimethalin) and Outlook (containing 720 g/L dimethenamid-p, which is a resolved isomer of dimethenamid). Each pesticide treatments received different amount of pesticide and different amount of adjuvant but using same amount of irrigation water at the same day of the experiment. Pesticides residue was analyzed using HPLS instrument. The main conclusions can be summarized behaviour of Pendimethalin and Dimethenamid-p are quite different. The dissipation of average half-life of Pendimethalin was found 43.7 days, and for Dimethenamid-p was 10.9 days respectively. The hypothesis was not confirmed because the ANNOVA did not find significant effect of adjuvant and irrigation for both Pendimethalin and Dimethenamid-p. In addition, there was almost practically no difference between the treatments were pesticide mixing with adjuvant and without adjuvant, also were using irrigation and non-irrigation treatments. The half-life of Dimethenamid-p showed slightly small difference between irrigation and adjuvant treatments. Irrigation for Dimethenamid-p has shown shorter half-life than treatment with adjuvant. However, if we see half-life and leaching behaviour Pendimethalin there was no difference between treatments of irrigation and adjuvant.

Abstract:

The increasing use of pesticides in the soil is presents a serious environmental problem with soil contamination in the world. Many recent studies have shown significant effect of adjuvant on pesticide persistence and their degradation behavior in the soil using different type of adjuvants. The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of an adjuvant addition on Pendimethalin and Dimethenamid-p degradation rate in soil. The experiment was carried out under field conditions with 8 different treatments. Pendimethalin and Dimethenamid-p were applied alone and in a mixture with adjuvant, pesticide + adjuvant with irrigation and pesticide + irrigation without adjuvant. We have used two type of herbicides, which are Stomp 400 SC (containing 400 g/L pendimethalin) and Outlook (containing 720 g/L dimethenamid-p, which is a resolved isomer of dimethenamid). Each pesticide treatments received different amount of pesticide and different amount of adjuvant but using same amount of irrigation water at the same day of the experiment. Pesticides residue was analyzed using HPLS instrument. The main conclusions can be summarized behaviour of Pendimethalin and Dimethenamid-p are quite different. The dissipation of average half-life of Pendimethalin was found 43.7 days, and for Dimethenamid-p was 10.9 days respectively. The hypothesis was not confirmed because the ANNOVA did not find significant effect of adjuvant and irrigation for both Pendimethalin and Dimethenamid-p. In addition, there was almost practically no difference between the treatments were pesticide mixing with adjuvant and without adjuvant, also were using irrigation and non-irrigation treatments. The half-life of Dimethenamid-p showed slightly small difference between irrigation and adjuvant treatments. Irrigation for Dimethenamid-p has shown shorter half-life than treatment with adjuvant. However, if we see half-life and leaching behaviour Pendimethalin there was no difference between treatments of irrigation and adjuvant.

Klíčová slova

Dimethenamid, Grounded, Adjuvant, Pendimethalin, Pesticide behavior, Pesticide half-life

Keywords

Pendimethalin, Dimethenamid, Grounded, Adjuvant, Pesticide behaviour, Pesticide half life

Jazyk práce: angličtina

Datum vytvoření / odevzdání či podání práce: 15. 4. 2015

Obhajoba závěrečné práce

• Vedoucí: Ing. Martin Kočárek, Ph.D.

Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze

Fakulta agrobiologie, potravinových a přírodních zdrojů

Magisterský studijní program / obor:
Natural Resources and Environment / Natural Resources and Environment