Distribution of microplastic in coastal waters in Guam

Bc. Mariya Musya

Master's thesis

Abstract:

Microplastic pollution is a growing global environmental problem that poses significant risks to marine ecosystems and organisms. This study focused on the distribution of microplastics in the coastal waters of Guam, a small island in the Western Pacific Ocean with a diverse and rich marine environment. As an initial investigation, the study aimed to fill the gap in local plastic pollution data, identify areas most affected by plastic debris and microplastic contamination, and lay the groundwork for future longterm research on plastic debris in Guam and its impact on coral reefs. We used a neuston net with a 300 micron mesh to sample 24 transects covering various locations, including areas with significant human influence, near river mouths, and convergence zones of water currents. The samples were then sent to the Czech Republic for analysis using the hot needle method. Plastic particle concentrations ranged from 18.7 to 152.4 particles per m3 (SD 36.92), with Pago Bay (south and north) showing the highest pollution levels. In total, 1061 particles were found, ranging in size from <0.25 mm to 46 mm. This study provides a first look into the distribution of microplastics in Guam's coastal waters, offering data for monitoring and evaluating marine plastic debris concentrations. The findings can form the basis for future research on the effects of microplastic pollution on Guam's marine ecosystems and help develop effective conservation strategies to protect and restore the island's coral reefs and other marine habitats. Longterm studies are needed for further more comprehensive data, including sampling during wet and dry seasons and considering the specific dynamics of water currents. This approach will be crucial for creating wellrounded conclusion of conservation strategies for Guam's marine ecosystems.

Keywords

Microplastic, Coral reef, Pacific Ocean, Guam, Conservation

Jazyk práce: English

Datum vytvoření / odevzdání či podání práce: 8. 4. 2023

Obhajoba závěrečné práce

• Obhajoba proběhla 17. 5. 2023
• Vedúci: Mgr. Ondřej Simon, Ph.D.
• Oponent: Peter Kumble, Ph.D.

Czech University of Life Sciences Prague

Faculty of Environmental Sciences

Master programme:
Nature Conservation