Geomorphological Variations of Northern Terra Cimmeria Watersheds

BSc. Ghada Sultan

Master's thesis

Abstract:

Abstract: Mars' geomorphology offers a valuable insight into the planet's physical and geological characteristics, including its potential for water presence and distribution across its surface. High-resolution satellite images have revolutionized the study of Martian geomorphology, enabling scientists to investigate the planet's surface features in detail and with greater efficiency. This offers a unique opportunity for understanding the processes that shape planetary surfaces, particularly the role of water in shaping landscapes. This study aims to investigate the geomorphological characteristics of the surface of Mars in the southern hemisphere near the equator, and how these characteristics provide insight into the planet's water forms and quantities. High-resolution satellite images were utilized to efficiently and accurately analyze the landforms related to water flow and formulation in the study area, which spans from 133.228 to 127.9 Longitude and -5.439 to -11.096 Latitude. By applying morphometric analysis to the landforms' area, elevation, and volume, the we were able to compare the characteristics of the landforms to those found on Earth and to previously detected landforms on Mars. The results revealed the presence of alluvial fans, open-basin and closed-basin lakes, craters, and other forms that can be connected to the valley system in the area of interest. One identified alluvial fan displayed similar geomorphological characteristics to those found on Earth and Mars, and the slope suggested the presence of gravel sediments. Additionally, the study identified a total of 7 open-basin lakes and 2 closed-basin lakes in the study area, which were formed during the Late-Noachian era. Furthermore, 11 craters were identified, with 3 of them displaying fans and ridges structures, indicating the flow of water within them. The identification of these features suggests that water has played a role in shaping the Martian landscape, particularly in the study area. The results provide valuable insights into the geomorphology of Mars and its potential for water presence, which is crucial for Mars exploration missions. Further investigation of Mars' surface and the role of water in shaping its landscape is important particularly in the search for signs of past or present water on the planet.

Keywords

Mars geomorphology, Late-Noachian, Water related landforms, Paleolakes, Alluvial fans

Language used: English

Date on which the thesis was submitted / produced: 3. 4. 2023

Thesis defence

• Date of defence: 17. 5. 2023
• Supervisor: doc. Mgr. Ing. Ioannis Markonis, Ph.D.
• Reader: Riya Dutta, Dr.

Czech University of Life Sciences Prague

Faculty of Environmental Sciences

Master programme:
Nature Conservation