Economic Challenges of Spain’s Aging Population

Jorge Riestra

Master's thesis

Economic Challenges of Spain’s Ageing Population

Abstract:

The ageing of the population in Spain poses important economic challenges, especially with regard to the sustainability of the pension system. This thesis explores the multiple impacts of demographic changes on the Spanish pension system and labor market, analyzing historical trends, current challenges and future projections. Through a comprehensive review of demographic data, labor market conditions and pension system structures, this study identifies key areas for policy intervention. The research highlights the need for integrated policies that address demographic trends, improve labor market conditions and ensure the sustainability of pensions. The findings suggest that increasing legal immigration, improving labor market participation and reforming the pension system are critical steps to mitigate the economic impact of population ageing. This study contributes to ongoing policy discussions by providing practical insights and strategic recommendations aimed at maintaining economic stability and social welfare in Spain.

Abstract:

The ageing of the population in Spain poses important economic challenges, especially with regard to the sustainability of the pension system. This thesis explores the multiple impacts of demographic changes on the Spanish pension system and labor market, analyzing historical trends, current challenges and future projections. Through a comprehensive review of demographic data, labor market conditions and pension system structures, this study identifies key areas for policy intervention. The research highlights the need for integrated policies that address demographic trends, improve labor market conditions and ensure the sustainability of pensions. The findings suggest that increasing legal immigration, improving labor market participation and reforming the pension system are critical steps to mitigate the economic impact of population ageing. This study contributes to ongoing policy discussions by providing practical insights and strategic recommendations aimed at maintaining economic stability and social welfare in Spain.

Keywords

Pension system, Population ageing, Life expectancy, Dependency ratio, Social Security, Fertility, Pay-As-You-Go system, Intergenerational, Sustainable

Keywords

Pension system, Population ageing, Life expectancy, Dependency ratio, Fertility, Social Security, Pay-As-You-Go system, Intergenerational, Sustainable

Language used: English

Date on which the thesis was submitted / produced: 27. 6. 2024

Thesis defence

• Date of defence: 2024
• Supervisor: Martina Miskolczi
• Reader: Filip Hon

Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze

Master programme / field:
Economic Data Analysis / Data Analysis and Modeling