The Role of Economic Sanctions in Modern International Politics: Effectiveness and Consequences

Anastasiia Ktitareva

Bakalářská práce

Abstract:

This bachelor thesis examines the economic impact of international sanctions on national economies, focusing on the cases of Russia and Iran. The study analyzes how sanctions imposed by the United States, the European Union, and other international actors have influenced key macroeconomic indicators, including gross domestic product (GDP), GDP per capita, exports, imports, foreign direct investment (FDI), and the consumer price index (CPI). The research combines theoretical analysis of economic sanctions with an empirical evaluation of economic data over selected periods. By comparing the experiences of Russia and Iran, the thesis highlights how different economic structures and political conditions influence the ability of sanctioned countries to adapt to external economic pressure. The findings suggest that while sanctions contribute to economic isolation, declining investment, and structural challenges, their effects are often gradual and may encourage internal economic adjustments, such as import substitution and the reorientation of trade relations.

Keywords

Iran, GDP, Economic Isolation, Global Financial System, Russia, Macroeconomic Indicators, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Economic Sanctions, International Trade, Import Substitution

Jazyk práce: angličtina

Datum vytvoření / odevzdání či podání práce: 18. 3. 2026

Obhajoba závěrečné práce

• Obhajoba proběhla 21. 5. 2026
• Vedoucí: Mgr. Milan Školník, Ph.D.
• Oponent: Adam Hruška, Ph.D.

Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze

Provozně ekonomická fakulta

Bakalářský studijní program:
Business Administration