Přístup k prvnímu ošetření novorozence v rozmezí dvaceti let

Renata FORMANOVÁ

Bakalářská práce

Approach to the initial treatment of a newborn infant as it developed during twenty years

Anotace:

Bakalářská práce na téma ? Přístup k prvnímu ošetření novorozence v rozmezí dvaceti let? se zabývala problémem prvního ošetření novorozence v 90. letech minulého století a ošetřením novorozence v současnosti. Cílem práce bylo porovnat současné způsoby ošetření novorozence s minulostí, zjistit jak se změnil přístup k novorozenci za posledních dvacet let a jak tyto změny vnímají porodní asistentky a dětské sestry, které mají zkušenosti s ošetřením novorozence bezprostředně po porodu v letech 1990 až 2010. Zjistit zda jsou změny, kterými za dvacet let prošlo první ošetření novorozence negativní a nebo přínosné. Cíl práce byl splněn metodou kvalitativního výzkumného šetření, formou rozhovorů, které byly následně zpracovány do kasuistik, kde porodní asistentky a dětské sestry odpovídají na otázky týkající se srovnávání současných postupů ošetření novorozence bezprostředně po narození s minulostí.

Abstract:

To make the passage of a newborn infant from its intrauterine to the extrauterine life a smooth process, and to facilitate the infant's proper postnatal adaptation, the quality of medical personnel and their approach to the initial treatment of the infant come as matters of utmost importance. The theoretical section of the paper concentrates on the initial treatment as practiced today and the same treatment as administered twenty years ago. Specified are the major changes that the treatment underwent throughout the last twenty years. The practical section of the paper focuses on experience and practices followed by midwives during the recent twenty years when providing the initial treatment in selected South Bohemian hospitals. To make an inquiry into this matter and to reach the below-specified objectives, the author chose to apply the method of qualitative investigation. The method assumed the form of semi-standardized interviews with midwives giving the newborn infants their initial treatment in six selected South Bohemian hospitals between 1990 and 2010. The paper had two objectives: (1) to find out the differences, if any, in the approach to the initial treatment of newborns as practiced from 1990 to 2010; and (2) to make a comparison between the individual procedures of the treatment while revealing any differences possibly experienced from 1990 to 2010. Both the objectives have been accomplished. Research Question 1, i.e. "What are the differences in approach to the initial treatment of newborns between what was common twenty years ago and what can be encountered today?", has been answered as follows: the personnel's approach altered when the system of rooming-in was introduced. Unlike the situation in 1990, nowadays the system is fully developed. Modified was the stance towards the mother, father and the baby - now they are perceived as a family. Preference is given to contact between the mother and the child immediately after the delivery; the father's presence is welcomed; breastfeeding is supported; and handling the infant in any other way is minimized. Research Question 2, i.e. "What are the differences in procedures used for the initial treatment of newborns between what was common twenty years ago and what can be encountered today?". During the 20 years a number of the practices has undergone quite substantial changes. Changed has been the treatment of umbilical cord; the infant's identification; postnatal suction; the metering of bodily dimensions; thermo-management; technical background; vitamin K administration; decontamination of the conjunctival sac; and the advancement of the rooming-in system. This Bachelor paper can help all medical workers get acquainted with the practices formerly employed to give a newborn baby the initial treatment and to compare the practices with the current situation. The research results can be utilized in teaching at the University of South Bohemia and published in professional journals and on the Internet.

Klíčová slova

dětská sestra, minulost, novorozenec, ošetřovatelská péče, porodní asistentka

Jazyk práce: čeština

Datum vytvoření / odevzdání či podání práce: 5. 5. 2011

Identifikátor: 21288

Obhajoba závěrečné práce

• Vedoucí: Mgr. Judita Soukupová Maříková

JIHOČESKÁ UNIVERZITA V ČESKÝCH BUDĚJOVICÍCH

Zdravotně sociální fakulta

Bakalářský studijní program / obor:
Porodní asistence / Porodní asistentka