Goethe und seine Annäherung an die Natur

Adéla Kožušníková

Bakalářská práce

Goethe´s approach to discover the nature

Anotace:

The bachelor thesis deals with the amateur research achievements of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe in the field of natural sciences. Goethe's reputation precedes him as a brilliant poet and writer, author of The Sorrows of Young Werther and Faust. His interest in natural sciences, however, is generally more likely unknown. Nevertheless, there have been many works published on this topic. This thesis provides a comprehensive overview of the disciplines Goethe was interested in and highlights ways of his research and thoughts about nature. The complex education he received played a fundamental role in Goethe's approach. Here I see a pedagogically valuable overlap in Goethe's personality, which inspired me to demonstrate him as a meeting point between German and Biology, with overlap into the cross-curricular topics that complete the complexity of education today. The main aim of my thesis is firstly to give a general overview of the natural science disciplines that Goethe dealt with in his research. Goethe focused mainly on anatomy, botany, colour science, geology, and chemistry. An analysis of Goethe's research method or practical examples of his literary work inspired by his passion for exploring nature follows. Goethe took a very different approach to nature than the scientists of his era, such as Carl Linné and Charles Darwin. Goethe's goal was not to systematize nature but to understand it as a unit. According to Goethe, only this approach can lead to one’s mergence with nature. His research, however, was not acknowledged by other scientists. Furthermore, it has also been refuted for the lack of scientific accuracy. Goethe was never regarded as a true scientist, rather he was perceived as an enthusiastic amateur, even though he discovered, for example, the human intermaxillary bone. Very inspiring is that he never gave up on his passion for nature despite his scientific lack of recognition. And this enthusiasm is something that teachers should awaken in their students, as much as possible, within the framework of their subject. As we can see, we still can learn and take inspiration from Goethe, even after almost two centuries. That motivated me to me create a connection between two seemingly unrelated subjects, German and Biology, through Goethe's personality. As a part of my bachelor thesis, I created a set of educational worksheets and a game via the graphical platform Canva. Moreover, I have incorporated cross-curricular topics into the worksheets (especially environmental education, media education, and personal and social education), which reflect the problems of today's society and thus add relevance to the worksheets.This thesis underlines the idea that everything is related and that despite particular differences in methodology and philosophy of natural sciences and social sciences, there should be a space for a dialogue between them and an attempt to connect them to the greatest extent possible in everyday life. In my personal opinion, this is what teachers should try to develop and encourage in students as much they can.

Klíčová slova

Johann Wolfgang Goethe, Goethe a příroda, Goethe a přírodní vědy

Jazyk práce: čeština

Datum vytvoření / odevzdání či podání práce: 15. 5. 2023

Obhajoba závěrečné práce

• Obhajoba proběhla 20. 6. 2023
• Vedoucí: PhDr. Naděžda Heinrichová, Ph.D.
• Oponent: Mgr. Jindra Dubová, Ph.D.

Univerzita Hradec Králové

Pedagogická fakulta

Bakalářský studijní program / obor:
Německý jazyk se zaměřením na vzdělávání / Biologie se zaměřením na vzdělávání, Německý jazyk se zaměřením na vzdělávání