Počešťování pomístních jmen v tzv. Sudetech po roce 1945 (na materiálu obcí Deštné v Orlických horách, Orlické Záhoří, Bartošovice v Orlických horách, Králíky a Mladkov)

Veronika STEJSKALOVÁ

Bachelor's thesis

Czechifying the non-settlement geographical names in the Sudetenland after 1945 (based on materials of villages Deštné v Orlických horách, Orlické Záhoří, Bartošovice v Orlických horách, Králíky a Mladkov)

Abstract:

Práce se věnuje počešťování anoikonym po roce 1945 na území bývalých Sudet ve východních Čechách. Teoretická část je zaměřena na dějiny toponomastiky, způsoby pojmenování, historii německých jmen na našem území a standardizaci nově vytvořených českých jmen. Dále je zde představena historie a současnost zvolených lokalit, konkrétně obcí Deštné v Orlických horách, Orlické Záhoří, Bartošovice v Orlických horách, Králíky a Mladkov. Praktickou část tvoří glosář, jehož hesla se skládají z českého a německého jména, informace o označovaném objektu a výkladu vzniku názvu. Některé názvy obsahují ještě jejich historické doklady a proměny.

Abstract:

This bachelor thesis deals with toponyms, especially the non-settlement geographical names at the former Czech-German borderlands (in villages Deštné v Orlických horách, Orlické Záhoří, Bartošovice v Orlických horách, Králíky and Mladkov), their forms and changes before and after the Second World War. The thesis is divided into five chapters, the fifth is the practical part - a glossary of names situated in this area. The first chapter defines fundamental terminology and introduces the history of toponymy. There are several ways of naming an object, for example, based on its appearance, location, historical fact etc.; every name has its own motivation. The meaning of the name can also change during the time - extend, narrow or transfer to another object. German names first started appearing in Czech area back in the 12th century, however, the most important sources come from the 16th century. After the Second World War the German residents were forced to leave, meaning there was not any use for the German names, so the new ones had to be created. There were a few ways to do it: by translating the name to Czech, creating a new name or coming up with a similar one. After a revision, these names were standardized and registered into maps. However, the standardization is necessary up to now. All these villages are located in Eastern Bohemia, spreading around the current Czech-Polish borderlands, three of them are mountain villages (in Orlické hory) located in the Hradec Králové Region and the other two are in the Pardubice Region. These villages are usually known for their churches, hiking trails, ski slopes or military bunkers. The glossary contains in total 81 headwords. I also included the names of villages for better comprehension and coherence. Every headword is composed of a Czech and a German name, information about the given object and etymology of the name. On top of that, there is a history of the name, if there was any document available. Most of them (51 names) were translated, even though it is possible that these Czech names came into existence already before 1945, so they might be older than German names. The second classification that I made is according to the type of object. There are a lot of hills and rivers. However, this glossary and research is not identical with the real aggregate of toponyms. Current maps are more detailed, so there are more names in contrast to historical names.

Keywords

toponomastika, anoikonyma, počešťování, Sudety, východní Čechy, glosář

Language used: Czech

Date on which the thesis was submitted / produced: 28. 4. 2022

Thesis defence

• Supervisor: PhDr. Ondřej Bláha, Ph.D.

Palacký University Olomouc

Faculty of Arts

Bachelor programme / field:
Czech Philology / Czech Philology / Spanish Philology