The Use of Biochar to Reduce CO2 Emission from Soil; Laboratory column experiment approach

Regina Ramirez Contreras

Bachelor's thesis

Abstract:

Soil plays a critical role in climate regulation through its capacity to store and emit carbon dioxide (CO₂). This thesis investigates how soil amendments—specifically biochar and nitrogen fertilizers—influence CO₂ emissions and soil respiration. With global greenhouse gas levels reaching record highs, sustainable soil management has become a vital strategy in climate mitigation. Biochar, a carbon-rich byproduct of biomass pyrolysis, has gained attention for its ability to sequester carbon and enhance soil health. This research examines the interaction between soil properties, microbial activity, and abiotic factors such as moisture, temperature, and porosity, with a particular focus on biochar's impact on CO₂ flux. A 30-day incubation experiment using soil columns tested the effects of various treatments, revealing that biochar increases soil respiration in the short term due to microbial priming but may also promote long-term carbon stabilization. Interestingly, the combination of biochar and fertilizer resulted in suppressed emissions, suggesting complex nutrient-microbe interactions. The findings highlight the need for tailored biochar application strategies based on soil type and environmental context. This study underscores biochar’s promise as a climate-conscious soil amendment and calls for continued research to optimize its use in sustainable agriculture.

Keywords

biochar, greenhouse gas emissions, soil, CO2, carbon sequestration

Language used: English

Date on which the thesis was submitted / produced: 31. 3. 2025

Thesis defence

• Supervisor: doc. Mgr. Lukáš Trakal, Ph.D.
• Reader: Filip Mercl, Ing.

Czech University of Life Sciences Prague

Faculty of Environmental Sciences

Bachelor programme:
Environmental Engineering