Časová proměnlivost prostorové distribuce střevlíků v zemědělské krajině

Miroslav Seidl

Diplomová práce

Temporal variability in spatial distribution of carabid beetles in agricultural landscapes

Anotace:

Cílem této práce bylo vypracovatrešerši

Abstract:

The aim of this thesis is to work out a brief literary research focused on spatial distribution of carabid beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) around arable field-woodland boundaries throughout the season. Substantial part of this thesis consistsof thefield experiment aiming to explore given issue in the model area near Sedlčany. Carabid beetles were collected employing pitfall traps along four transects perpendicular to arable field-woodlot boundaries. Beetles were sampled during five sampling periods, but only four complete (undamaged) temporal samples series were used for final statistical analyses:1) early spring, 2) late spring, 3) summer and 4) late autumn.Three species groups were identified according to their habitat specialization:1) open habitat specialists, 2) habitat generalists and 3) forest specialists; and these groups were analysed seperately. Total species diversity was highest in area of ecotone between arable field and woodlot.The edge between habitats was preferred by habitat generalist species and open habitat specialist species also spilled over here. Distribution of relative species richness and relative activity density was not stable in time. Spatial distribution of forest species was relatively less variable. Open habitat species aggregated within habitat boundaries instead of field interiors in early spring, probably as a result of overwinteringbehaviour. Generalists were also aggregated in the edge between habitats in autumn period and during early spring occurred relatively more in the centre of woodlot than in other periods. Species composition of carabid beetles assemblages depended partly on season and also on position of transect. There was also a significant interaction between spatial and temporal variability in species composition of carabid assemblages. Woodlot assemblages seem to be less variable in time.The results of this thesis contribute to extension of knowledges on distribution of carabid beetles in agroecosystems, where many carabids act aspredators of various pests. The biggest changes in spatiotemporal distribution of carabid beetles in agricultural landscape could be linked with preference of adults to overwinter out of arable land.

Klíčová slova

Coleopera, ekoton, zemědělská krajina, Carabidae

Keywords

Coleoptera, Carabidae, habitat edge

Jazyk práce: čeština

Datum vytvoření / odevzdání či podání práce: 19. 4. 2016

Obhajoba závěrečné práce

• Vedoucí: Ing. Michal Knapp, Ph.D.

Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze

Fakulta životního prostředí

Magisterský studijní program / obor:
Inženýrská ekologie / Ochrana přírody