Druhy a výkon opatření ukládaných mladistvým

Bc. Albert Czaban

Bachelor's thesis

Kinds and Accomplishment of Provisions Imposed on Adolescents

Abstract:

Tato práce je věnována problematice trestné činnosti mladistvých v České republice, konkrétně jaké jsou druhy možných opatření ukládaných mladistvým za jejich provinění, jak probíhá jejich výkon a v čem se výkon těchto opatření liší od průběhu výkonu trestů ukládaných dospělým pachatelům trestné činnosti. V teoretické části vymezím pojem mladistvý podle českého trestního řádu, charakterizuji druhy opatření, co jsou soudy pro mládež a jak jsou otázky mladistvých zakotvené v zákonech ČR, především tedy zákonu o soudnictví ve věcech mládeže. V praktické části zmíním statistické údaje o kriminalitě mladistvých dle údajů MVČR, nastíním činnost Probační a mediační služby a pokusím se popsat a vysvětlit rozdíly v zařízeních pro mladistvé od zařízeních pro dospělé, včetně průběhu výkonu opatření v těchto zařízeních

Abstract:

The aim of this bachelor’s thesis is the issue of criminality, regarding to adolescents in the Czech Republic. It is specifically focused on kinds and accomplishment of provisions, which could by imposed on adolescents due to their wrongdoings. The specific courts for adolescents are the ones that arbitrate about imposing these arrangements; the definitions of these courts are defined in § 4 and in § 2 letter g) in law numer 218/2003 about youth responsibility for unlawful acts and about judiciary in matter of youth and about changes of some laws ( next ZSM). The law about judiciary in the matter of adolescents is also the fundamental juridical prescript in the whole issue, regarding criminal acts committed by adolescents. This law was declared in the Digest of law under the number 218/2003 of digest and its efficiency came into being on January 1st, 2004. This way ZSM solved out the imperfections and weaknesses of Czech juridical system, regarding the matters of sentencing the adolescents, which were present before its acceptance. The judiciary regarding adolescents was not adjusted by the autonomous rule of law; it was only a part of the law number 140/1961 Code of Criminal and of a law n. 141/1961 of Code of Criminal Procedure. Both of these legal enactments were already prepared and accepted almost a half century ago; however, during the time of their efficiency, the matters regarding judiciary of adolescents were not solved almost at all, even though the society was progressing and changing rapidly, especially after the year 1989. Therefore, the acceptance of ZSM was quite necessary and innovative step. ZSM has brought many changes into Czech law; we can consider as its main contribution the setting of the specific proceedings and differences in criminal procedure with adolescents in comparison with the general criminal-law practices. We can definitely evaluate as a positive step also the engagement of Probation and mediation service into the process of correction of children and adolescents, which guarantees a better protection of their rights and, moreover, it streamlines the whole proceeding. The intention of courts for adolescents is therefore to establish acceptable arrangements for the interruption of the society-harmful behavior of individual and to give him/her the opportunity to redeem his/her malignant acts, as is stated in §9 ZSM. This way, they have the possibility of imposing protective, educational or criminal arrangements, which are specified in §15, §21 and § 24. However, their listing is not enumerating every item, so the courts for adolescents have relatively wide possibilities of choice which arrangements they select for the particular adolescent, because every wrongdoing needs to be judged individually with consideration to intellectual and moral maturity of the adolescent.

Keywords

Mladiství, ZSM, opatření, probační a mediační služba

Language used: Czech

Date on which the thesis was submitted / produced: 1. 7. 2010

Thesis defence

• Date of defence: 24. 5. 2011
• Supervisor: JUDr. Eva Brucknerová, Ph.D.
• Reader: prof. JUDr. Věra Kalvodová, Dr.

Masaryk University

Faculty of Law

Bachelor programme / field:
Legal Specializations / Theory and Practice of Criminal Procedure