Svoboda projevu náboženského vyznání a její limity - Je zákaz šátku vždy proporcionální?

Martin VLČEK

Master's thesis

The Freedom of Religious Expression and its Limits - Muslim Religious Symbols in the Public Space

Abstract:

Predmetem teto diplomove prace jsou zasahy do svobody projevu nabozenskeho vyznani. Prace se zameruje na zakazovani muslimskych nabozenskych symbolu, konkretne muslimskych satku. Cilem prace je poukazat na skutecnost, ze prostor pro nabozenske symboly se postupne zmensuje ve vsech oblastech verejneho zivota, a ze tyto restrikce nejsou vzdy proporcionalni. Po uvodu, ve kterem je prace obecne vymezena, prichazi prvni kapitola tykajici se historickeho vyvoje principu nabozenske tolerance a svobody nabozenskeho vyznani. Ve druhe kapitole jsou vysvetleny zakladni pojmy, jejichz porozumeni je pro praci klicove. Mezi tyto patri svoboda nabozenskeho vyznani, muslimske nabozenske symboly, verejny prostor a pojmy sekularismus, neutralita a laicismus a nakonec diskriminace. Treti a ctvrta kapitola se tykaji analyzy vybranych rozsudku ESLP a ESD a jejich kritickeho hodnoceni. V zaveru jsou rozdeleny jednotlive oblasti zasahu na zamestnance pracujici ve verejnem a soukromem sektoru, na studenty a na plosne zasahy. Autor zde shrnuje, proc podle nej nejsou zakazy v jednotlivych oblastech primerene sledovanym cilum.

Abstract:

The subject of this diploma thesis are restrictions on freedom of religious expression. The work focuses on banning Muslim religious symbols, specifically Muslim headscarves. The aim of the thesis is to point out that the space for religious symbols gradually diminishes in all areas of public life and that these restrictions are not always proportional. After the introduction in which work is generally defined, there is the first chapter on the historical development of the principle of religious tolerance and freedom of religion. The second chapter explains the basic concepts, whose understanding is crucial for the work. These include freedom of religion, Muslim religious symbols, public space and the terms secularism, neutrality and laicism, and ultimately discrimination. The third and fourth chapters concern the analysis of selected ECHR and ECJ judgments and their critical assessment. In the conclusion, the areas where restrictions occur are divided into restrictions affecting: employees working in the public and private sectors, students and blanket bans. The author summarizes why the prohibitions in each of these areas are not proportionate to the legitimate aim pursued.

Keywords

Svoboda vyznani, Svoboda projevu vyznani, Nabozenska tolerance, Nabozenske symboly, Islam, Muslimske satky, Zahalovani, Hijab, Burka, Verejny prostor, Sekularismus, Neutralita, Laicismus, Diskriminace, Legitimni cil, Proporcionalita, Evropsky soud pro lidska prava, Umluva, Evropsky soudni dvur, Integrace, Pluralita.

Language used: Czech

Date on which the thesis was submitted / produced: 30. 6. 2017

Thesis defence

• Supervisor: JUDr. Martin Kopa, Ph.D.

PALACKÝ UNIVERSITY OLOMOUC

Faculty of Law

Master programme / field:
Law and Jurisprudence / Law